cross flow vs counter flow heat exchanger

The key difference between cross flow and counter flow heat exchangers lies in the direction of the fluid flows, and this affects their heat transfer performance, efficiency, and suitability for different applications.

When to Use Each

Cross Flow:

• Space is limited

• One fluid is a gas (e.g. air) and the other is liquid

• Moderate efficiency is acceptable

• Used in radiators, air conditioning units, air preheaters

Counter Flow:

• Maximum efficiency is needed

• Both fluids are liquids or gases with close temperature ranges

• Used in heat recovery systems, condensers, shell-and-tube heat exchangers